Since 1885, when the German Daimler invented and manufactured the world's first motorcycle powered by a gasoline engine, the development of motorcycles has undergone vicissitudes of more than 100 years.
The original motorcycle, the actual shape of the existing in the Munich Science and Technology Museum, Germany, is the world's first motorcycle patented by the German Daimler on August 29, 1885.
motorcycle
motorcycle
Limited to more than 100 years ago, the gasoline engine at that time was still in a low-level and naive state. At that time, the vehicle manufacturing was still in the stage of carriage technology. The original motorcycle and the modern motorcycle were very different in appearance, structure and performance. The frame of the original motorcycle was wooden. Judging from the wood grain, it is made by carpenters. The wheels are also made of wood. The outer layer of the wheels is covered with a layer of iron. There are several square wooden frames at the bottom and middle of the frame, on which are placed the engines. Small supporting wheel, its function is to prevent tipping when stationary. So the car actually hits the ground on all fours. The single-cylinder fan-cooled engine drives the rear wheels forward through a two-stage deceleration transmission through belts and gears. The saddle is shaped like a saddle and covered with a layer of leather. Its engine cylinder has a working volume of 264mL and a maximum power of 0.37kW (700r/min), which is only 1/5 of that of a modern simple motorcycle. 12km/h, not much faster than walking. Since there were no buffer devices such as springs at that time, this car was called a "bone shock car". As you can imagine, driving on the stone streets of the 19th century is more uncomfortable than execution. Although the original motorcycle is so simple, since then, the motorcycle has been continuously changed and improved, and there have been hundreds of millions of modern motorcycle descendants for more than 100 years.
military motorcycle
military motorcycle
Complementing German motorcycles is American motorcycles, of which the Harley-Davidson Company is known worldwide. In 1903, the No. 1 market model produced by the American Harry Company (the earliest commercial motorcycle in the United States), the engine cylinder working volume of the car is 409mL, the power is 2.94kW, and the bicycle frame is adopted. Motorcycles are a product of the times and a model that reflects the level of science and technology at that time. That is to say, motorcycles at different stages are branded with the development of science and technology in different times. The reason why the original motorcycle could not be used was because the science and technology at that time could not meet the most basic parts required for its normal driving, so it could only be placed in the laboratory. From the 1890s to the beginning of the 20th century, the early motorcycles adopted new inventions and new technologies at that time, such as pneumatic rubber tires, ball bearings, clutches and transmissions, front suspension shock absorbers, spring seats, etc. The car began to have practical value, mass-produced in the factory, and became a commodity. This is the second-generation motorcycle, which is called the motorcycle of the commodity generation. For example, in 1912, the X-8A single-cylinder motorcycle produced by the American Harley-Davidson Company. At that time, the transmission and transmission system had not been solved, but the large pulley attached to the rear wheel was driven by a belt, and the brake was braked by pulling the rear brake shoe through the handle. At that time, the problem of the rear shock was not solved, and the front shock had a simple ring-type shock absorber attached to the front fork.
After the 1930s, with the continuous progress of science and technology, motorcycle production has adopted rear suspension shock absorber system, mechanical ignition system, drum mechanical brake device, chain drive, etc., making motorcycles climb to a new level. Steps, motorcycles gradually mature, widely used in transportation, competition and military. This is the third stage of the motorcycle - the maturity stage. In 1936, the American Harley Company had been able to manufacture high-level motorcycles. The car uses a 1000mL, OHV, 27.93kW V-twin engine with a top speed of 150km/h.
The development of motorcycles is like a step by step, the higher the development, the more advanced. The original motorcycle of 1885 was placed on the ground on the first floor, and the second floor was the first motorcycle produced in the world, which was a motorcycle bicycle with a twin-cylinder four-stroke engine in Germany in 1894, and a total of 1000 were produced. The third tier is the popular racing motorcycles of the 1930s, when the motorcycles already had practical functions. The fourth tier is a modern luxury motorcycle after the 1970s. The diagram not only shows the four stages of motorcycle development, but also configures the different outfits of the drivers of the vehicles in the four stages.
Since the 1970s, motorcycle production has adopted electronic ignition technology, electric start, disc brakes, streamlined body guards, etc., as well as exhaust gas purification technology and ABS anti-lock braking devices in the 1990s, making motorcycles. It has become an advanced motor vehicle with beautiful appearance, superior performance, convenient use, flexibility and speed, and has become one of the important symbols of contemporary earth civilization. In particular, the large-displacement luxury motorcycles have transplanted the advanced technology of today's automobiles to the motorcycles, making the motorcycles reach the state of perfection. The development of motorcycles has entered the fourth stage - the heyday