The function of the walking system is to support the weight of the whole vehicle and the load, so as to ensure the stability of the operation and the comfortable ride. The walking system mainly includes frame, front fork, front shock absorber, rear shock absorber, wheels, etc.
(1) Frame: It is the skeleton of the entire motorcycle, which is welded by steel pipes and steel plates. It connects the engine, gearbox, front fork, rear suspension, etc. with each other and has high strength and rigidity. Small motorcycles mostly use a spine-shaped frame formed by stamping and tailor-welding of steel plates. Generally, motorcycles use steel pipe welded frame, cradle frame or combination frame of steel plate and steel pipe. Some high-power engine motorcycles use steel-tube welded double-cradle-type frames.
(2) Front fork: The front fork is the guiding mechanism of the motorcycle, which organically connects the frame and the front wheel. The front fork is composed of a front shock absorber, upper and lower connecting plates, and steering columns. The steering column and the lower connecting plate are welded together, and the steering column is sleeved in the front sleeve of the frame. In order to make the steering column move flexibly, axial thrust ball bearings are installed at the upper and lower journal parts. A front shock absorber is connected to the front fork.
(3) Front and rear shock absorbers: The front shock absorbers are used to attenuate the vibration caused by the impact load of the front wheel and keep the motorcycle running smoothly.
The rear shock absorber and the rear rocker arm of the frame form the rear suspension device of the motorcycle. The rear suspension device is an elastic connection device between the frame and the rear wheel, which bears the load of the motorcycle, slows down, and absorbs the shock and vibration transmitted to the rear rotation due to the uneven road surface.
(4) Wheels: The front wheel of the motorcycle is the guide wheel, and the rear wheel is the driving wheel, both of which are spoked wheels. Wheels are composed of tires (inner and outer tires), rims, spokes, hubs, brake steel rings, bearings, and front and rear axles. The rim (steel ring) is rolled and welded by steel plate, the wheel hub is die-casted from aluminum alloy, and the brake steel ring is inlaid and die-cast into one body, and flanges are provided at both ends to install the spokes. The spokes are similar in shape to bicycle bars and are used to connect the rim to the hub. The wheel hub is equipped with a brake, the front wheel is also equipped with a worm wheel and a worm of the speedometer, and the rear wheel is equipped with a drive mechanism.